Raising awareness of both existing and emerging foreign and security policy challenges facing the European Union, EUISS Briefs provide key information in a concise, focused format.
The launch of China's DeepSeek R1 model marks a pivotal moment in the global AI landscape. This breakthrough highlights China's technological resilience and growing capacity to challenge US leadership in AI innovation, signalling a shift towards a more plural AI ecosystem.
The EU can use digital diplomacy to more effectively counter disinformation in Georgia and Armenia, where both foreign and domestic actors increasingly target its activities and interests. An innovative approach, based on AI-enhanced social listening, can help it navigate these...
The launch of negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement between the EU and the UAE in April 2025 marks a shift in the EU's approach to engagement with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and its member states. After over three decades of stalled bloc-to-bloc talks, and in a climate...
Europe faces a security and competitiveness crisis. Increased defence spending offers an opportunity to address both challenges, unleashing a dual-use technology boom. Both the EU and its Member States have key roles to play in this effort.
European militaries are facing the twin challenges of a hostile geopolitical environment and the global energy transition. There are solutions to fuel and electricity dependencies: prioritising biofuels and infrastructure in the short term while developing synthetic fuels, and...
Persistent scepticism in some EU Member States highlights that the main challenges to enlargement now lie within the Union itself. EU leaders could generate broader public and political support for enlargement by presenting it as a shared security imperative.
Europeans need to adapt to a new strategic reality where the US provides minimal assistance to Ukraine – or potentially none. To mitigate the impact of reduced US support, European countries can pursue a range of strategies, including boosting defence production both in Ukraine...
In addition to the mounting Russian threat, NATO must deal with the growing risk of US disengagement. European allies need to develop ways to replace the assets and forces that Washington could remove from the theatre. This may require changes to existing structures like the NATO...
Amid evolving regional and global dynamics, the relationship between Sahel and Maghreb countries is undergoing significant change. Countries in the region are increasingly resorting to strategic hedging to navigate uncertainty and mitigate risks. The EU must adopt a flexible...
The pledge to develop a new foreign economic policy is central to the European Commission’s July 2024 Political Guidelines. This ambition has become even more pressing in light of President Trump’s disruptive ‘America First’ trade practices, and the broader need to increase the...
