Publications

France’s plan to expand its nuclear arsenal and deepen cooperation with European partners marks a step towards ‘Europeanising’ deterrence. But stronger conventional forces and clearer strategies for managing escalation will be key for making Europe’s deterrence posture credible.

Africa's demographic dynamism, growth and strategic resources make it central to Europe's economic resilience, security and autonomy amid intensifying global competition. Maintaining the AU–EU partnership as a strategic priority requires sustained engagement, deeper people-to...

The US and Israeli strikes on Iran have triggered a dangerous spiral of escalation. The war is having an immediate impact on Europe’s security and is sending shockwaves across the Middle East and around the globe, as well as unsettling global oil markets.

As Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine enters its fifth year, the EU should tighten the screws and align its policy instruments within a coherent strategy that contributes to a just and lasting peace.

Defence clusters – small groups of aligned states – provide the most viable route to strengthen European military capabilities, allowing for greater industrial and operational cooperation. The EU should support and connect clusters into a more coherent European defence ecosystem.

Europe's drive to rearm cannot stop at its borders. The Western Balkans can bolster EU defence readiness – through industrial cooperation, military mobility and regional stability – if deeper integration is matched by governance reform and credible enlargement incentives.

The renewed debate over a European Security Council underscores Europe’s search for more effective decision-making in security policy. The most realistic way forward is strengthening existing formats rather than constructing an entirely new institution.

Donald Trump’s second term has defied expectations of isolationism. This interactive publication uses data and visuals to map the main axes of US foreign policy under Trump 2.0: military intervention, the ‘peace-business’ nexus, trade deals, and defence ties with Europe.

Branded as multilateral, the Board of Peace risks hollowing out multilateral legitimacy by centralising power and sidelining existing institutions. Gaza is its first test. For the EU, being ‘inside the room’ may mean influence without authority; real leverage will come from...

The EU and India are drawing closer in response to shared pressures, but divergent threat perceptions set clear limits. Cooperation works best through a modular approach, shifting beyond trade towards practical collaboration in defence, technology and economic security amidst a...