Europe should urgently strengthen Ukraine’s air defences as Russia intensifies its long-range strikes. Increasing supplies, expanding European and Ukrainian production, and developing new capabilities would help counter ballistic missiles and strengthen Europe’s own defences.
Europe is facing years of maximum danger. In an era of reduced US engagement, strengthening deterrence against Russia requires strengthening three interlocking foundations: resources, readiness and resolve.
How can the EU better empower Ukraine? This collection of expert analyses offers practical policy proposals, arguing that that stronger EU support for Ukraine’s defence, recovery and integration is key to Europe's long-term security.
Russia's shadow fleet is changing in response to mounting European pressure. The EU must respond by widening its legal options, expanding efforts to target those involved in illicit activities, and more actively pursuing the seizure of vessels and cargoes.
