Publications

At a time of intensifying global competition, Africa's energy transition is central to its development ambitions. A stronger Africa-EU partnership on renewables, grids and supply chains could deliver mutual gains, but weak infrastructure, financing gaps and fossil fuel dependence...

The Gulf war signals a shift in energy geopolitics, where control of oil and gas drives power. Facing renewed vulnerability, the EU must choose between continued dependence or accelerating domestic energy transformation to enhance resilience, competitiveness and autonomy.

The US-Israel war on Iran is reshaping EU–Gulf relations, eroding trust in Washington’s security guarantees and opening a narrow window for the EU to deepen engagement with the region.

EU–NATO cooperation has intensified amid growing security threats, but structural constraints and renewed transatlantic tensions under Trump 2.0 complicate the partnership. The EU should strengthen coordination with NATO while preparing for greater transatlantic uncertainty.

France’s plan to expand its nuclear arsenal and deepen cooperation with European partners marks a step towards ‘Europeanising’ deterrence. But stronger conventional forces and clearer strategies for managing escalation will be key for making Europe’s deterrence posture credible.

Africa's demographic dynamism, growth and strategic resources make it central to Europe's economic resilience, security and autonomy amid intensifying global competition. Maintaining the AU–EU partnership as a strategic priority requires sustained engagement, deeper people-to...

The US and Israeli strikes on Iran have triggered a dangerous spiral of escalation. The war is having an immediate impact on Europe’s security and is sending shockwaves across the Middle East and around the globe, as well as unsettling global oil markets.

As Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine enters its fifth year, the EU should tighten the screws and align its policy instruments within a coherent strategy that contributes to a just and lasting peace.

Defence clusters – small groups of aligned states – provide the most viable route to strengthen European military capabilities, allowing for greater industrial and operational cooperation. The EU should support and connect clusters into a more coherent European defence ecosystem.