War and conflict

Almost a year on from the chaotic international military withdrawal from Kabul, this Brief draws on a series of roundtable consultations with senior Afghan and EU policymakers to analyse the EU’s role and engagement in Afghanistan over the past two decades.

This Brief identifies a number of critical uncertainties upon which Afghanistan’s future trajectory hinges, and asks: what conditions would allow the Taliban regime to endure over the next five years, and under what conditions might they lose their hold on power?

This implementation of the peace agreement that was signed between the Colombian government and the rebel FARC movement in 2016 faces a variety of challenges. This Brief examines the current state of play and explores how the EU can support the implementation process and...

This Brief analyses to what extent the Russian-brokered ceasefire agreement of November 2020 has created the basis for a lasting settlement in Nagorno-Karabakh. The deployment of Russian troops in the region may lead to a new ‘freezing’ of the conflict resolution process, instead...

This Brief examines the oil-conflict nexus and analyses the effects of the recent pandemic-induced oil price shock on three vulnerable, conflict-affected countries.

The global crisis caused by the Covid-19 outbreak has had particularly disruptive consequences for conflict-affected countries around the world. Armed groups have capitalised on the crisis, while the global distraction caused by the pandemic has made it difficult to seize...

The ongoing conflict in Yemen is complex and multi-layered, with the involvement of rival regional powers adding a geopolitical dimension to the war. As the national framework has disintegrated, local rivalries have intensified, leaving more room for foreign state interference in...